How virulent is Y. pestis?
Answer: Extremely. One to ten organisms can cause disease.
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Bacteriology
- What component of Mycoplasma cell membrane is unique?
- Why do penicillins and cephalosporins not work against Mycoplasma?
- How is nocardiosis treated?
- What risk factors predispose to Nocardia infection?
- How does a Nocardia infection manifest?
- How is Nocardia transmitted?
- Does Nocardia require oxygen?
- Where is Nocardia normally found?
- Describe the appearance of Nocardia asteroides on light microscopy:
- How are Actinomyces infections treated?
- How does an Actinomyces infection manifest?
- Can Actinomyces grow without oxygen?
- What are sulfur granules of Actinomyces?
- Where is Actinomyces normally found?
- Describe the appearance of Actinomyces israelii on light microscopy:
- A 30-year-old woman from Southeast Asia presents with a hypopigmented, macular forearm lesion and associated with loss of sensation (decreased pin prick). The arm shows significant muscle atrophy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A 34-year-old male immigrant presents to the physician with a cough and fever. On his last visit 12 months ago, his PPD was positive and chest x-ray showed likely active tuberculosis. He was treated with INH and rifampin and his symptoms abated. On this visit, he appears very sick and has hard time breathing. He denies night sweats and hemoptysis. His temperature is 102.1°F. Chest x-ray reveals infiltrates in the right middle and lower lobes and a Ghon complex. He is still taking INH and rifampin, which do not seem to help. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A patient presents with low-grade fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss, and a cough productive of blood-tinged sputum for 2 months. You suspect tuberculosis (TB) and order a chest x-ray. What findings on chest x-ray would be consistent with your suspected diagnosis?
- A 22-year-old woman is taking isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis exposure. After 1 month of therapy she develops tingling in both her hands. What is the term for what she is experiencing and how would you treat her?
- What causes fish-tank or swimming-pool granuloma?
- What is Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and what are its symptoms?
- How are close contacts prophylactically treated?
- What are potential toxicities associated with dapsone treatment?
- What is the treatment of leprosy?
- What is the main host defense against leprosy?
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