What component of Mycoplasma cell membrane is unique?

Answer: It contains sterols like cholesterol and is the cell's only protective layer. Mycoplasma requires cholesterol for growth.

Why do penicillins and cephalosporins not work against Mycoplasma?

Answer: Mycoplasma has no cell wall, therefore, penicillins and cephalosporins which target the cell wall are ineffective.

How is nocardiosis treated?

Answer: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

What risk factors predispose to Nocardia infection?

Answer: Immunosuppression and cancer

How does a Nocardia infection manifest?

Answer: Infection with Nocardia can produce pneumonia, lung abscesses, and can spread systemically. Abscesses can form throughout the body, especially in the brain.

How is Nocardia transmitted?

Answer: Transmitted via inhalation, producing lung abscesses and cavitations (it can be confused with Mycobacterium tuberculosis)

Does Nocardia require oxygen?

Answer: Yes. Nocardia is aerobic, in contrast to Actinomyces, an anaerobe.